What really is self-actualization?

Self-actualization was first prominently theorized and named by the psychologist Abraham Maslow. In his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" and his subsequent book "Motivation and Personality" published in 1954, Maslow developed a hierarchy of human needs. At the top of the hierarchy pyramid was the concept of self-actualization.

Maslow positioned self-actualization as the highest level need that comes into focus once more basic physiological and safety needs are met.

He described self-actualization as the "desire for self-fulfillment, namely the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially".

Maslow stated that the specific form self-actualization takes varies greatly from person to person. Each of us has a different set of potentialities to actualize.

For self-actualized people at this level, Maslow noted common motivational trends such as truth, justice, wisdom and meaning that transcend basic needs.

Only a small percentage of us are believed to reach the level of self-actualization. Examples given were historical figures like Abraham Lincoln and Albert Einstein.

There is no one single road to self-actualization for us, as it is a very personal and individual journey for each of us. However, some common elements that can help us work towards self-actualization include:

Getting to know ourselves deeply - our values, passions, strengths, weaknesses, etc. Our self-reflection and awareness is key.

Pursuing meaningful goals that align with our inner purpose and values. Living authentically.

Our continued growth and self-development - learning, improving skills, taking on challenges.

Developing healthy relationships for ourselves - having love, intimacy, community.

Contributing to something greater than ourselves - making a positive difference.

Finding work or activities that use our talents and allow our self-expression.

Being open to inspiration, creativity, spirituality for ourselves.

Facing life's difficulties with courage and resilience.

Living in our present; appreciating life's moments.

Striving for self-actualization is about realizing and fulfilling our full potential. But it is a life-long endeavor rather than a fixed destination. The journey is unique for each of us. With self-awareness, self-development and purposeful living, we realize increasing self-actualization over time.

The key is to keep growing, pursuing what ignites our passion, utilizing our gifts, facing challenges, finding fulfillment in living true to ourselves, and connecting meaningfully to the world around us. It takes commitment but pays off through feeling more engaged, empowered and fully alive for ourselves.